This study evaluated the effects of two packages of functional feed ingredients on Atlantic salmon. The results showed no improvement in the severity of gut inflammation when using the P1 and P2 packages, however, inclusion of P2 altered the expression of 121 genes. Additionally, the functional ingredients altered the microbiota composition of fish fed the SBM and CoPea diets towards that of fish fed the control diet. Overall, the evidence suggests that functional feed ingredients may not improve immune functions and reduce gut inflammation in Atlantic salmon.

This study examined the clustering and patterns of obesity-related behaviors in children and their mothers and the concordance between mother and child pairs in Victoria, Australia. The examination revealed that only partial overlap was observed between groups meeting national recommendations for sedentary behavior and consumption of fruit and vegetables and energy-dense food. Clusters of healthy and unhealthy behavior were concordant in mothers and their children, particularly those defined by sedentary behaviors and consumption of energy-dense food/drink. The results suggest that the modeling of sedentary behavior and the creation of a child’s eating environment by parents may be important influences on children’s behavior. Interventions that are able to target distinct clusters of individuals may be beneficial for informing the targeting of obesity prevention activities.

This pilot study examined five commercial salmon feeds, four farmed salmon (one Atlantic, three chinooks) and four wild salmon (one chinook, one chum, two sockeyes) from the Pacific Coast for PCBs (112 congeners), polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs – 41 congeners), 25 organochlorine pesticides (OPs), 20 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and methyl and inorganic mercury. The farmed salmon showed consistently higher levels of PCBs, PBDEs, OPs (except toxaphene) than the wild salmon. The mean concentrations in pg/g were 51,216 vs 5302 for total PCBs; 2668 vs 178 for total PBDEs; 41,796 vs 12,164 for total OPs (except toxaphene). The farmed salmon levels are likely a consequence of the elevated level of contamination found in the commercial salmon feed. This study found that farmed salmon contain higher levels of contaminants than wild salmon, likely from commercially available feed. These contaminants can have serious health implications for those who regularly consume farmed salmon. Therefore, it is important to limit the amount of farmed salmon consumed and strive for better regulation of contaminants in commercial feed.

This paper describes a hydroacoustic system for monitoring and feeding control in cage rearing of Atlantic salmon. The system uses an echo-sounder, linked to an upward-facing transducer mounted under the cage, to process echo signals from the caged fish and monitor the change in echo intensity at different depths in the cage. The echo intensity is used as an indication of the fish's appetite, and when it drops to a certain preset threshold, the feeders are automatically shut off. This system is designed to monitor and control twelve cages and feeder units, and can also be used for other useful applications such as continuous monitoring, alarm functions, observation of dead salmon and wild fish, and biomass estimation. In conclusion, this hydroacoustic system is an effective way to monitor and control the feeding of Atlantic salmon in cage rearing.

non-orthogonal contrasts; P 0.05). This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplements of prebiotics, mannanoligosaccharide, fructooligosaccharide and galactooligosaccharide, on the health and growth of Atlantic salmon. The results showed that there were no treatment effects on feed intake, growth or digestibility, but the fish fed the FOS diet had a 5% greater feed efficiency and 6% greater energy retention. The MOS diet resulted in 11% lower routine oxygen consumption, 5% lower protein and 3% higher energy concentration in the whole-body and 7% greater energy retention. Overall, the results suggest that dietary supplements of prebiotics may improve growth and energy retention in Atlantic salmon.

This research conducted by Jo Salmon, Karen J Campbell and David A Crawford examined whether children's television viewing was a useful indicator of risk of obesity-promoting behaviours, low-level physical activity and overweight or obesity among children of primary school entry and exit ages. After adjusting for different factors, the results showed that children who watched more than 2 hours of television a day were more likely to have one or more high energy drinks a day, one or more savoury snacks a day and less likely to have two or more fruits a day or participate in any organized physical activities. Therefore, it can be concluded that asking a child's television viewing habits may be a useful indicator of risk of poor diet and low physical activity level in primary care settings.

< 0.05). Two studies were conducted to investigate the effects of purified alcohol extracts (PAES) from soybean meal (PAES I) and soy protein isolate (PAES II) on feed intake, growth and intestinal mucosa of chinook salmon and rainbow trout. The PAES were prepared by an extraction process aiming to isolate soyasaponins. The diets consisted of half fish meal and half soy products, including a control diet with 32% soy protein concentrate. Supplementation of the PAES I diet and the SBM diet resulted in complete suppression of growth of chinook salmon due to a dramatic reduction in feed intake. The results from these studies suggest that the presence of saponins in the soy products can have a negative impact on feed intake and growth in chinook salmon. Therefore, further research should be conducted to understand the effects of saponins on fish growth and health.

This article reviews the existing evidence for the potential benefits of Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the food chain in the United States, specifically in regards to cardiovascular disease and other conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. The review found that PUFAs have been linked to a decreased risk of coronary heart disease, primary cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death and hypertension. Furthermore, PUFAs may be beneficial for those with rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes. However, caution is needed when consuming fish due to potential mercury contamination. In conclusion, PUFAs may have a range of beneficial effects on health and should be a part of a healthy diet.