Summary
Andorra is a small, landlocked principality located in the Pyrenees mountains between Spain and France. It has a long history of human occupation and its vegetation has been greatly impacted by humans since the Upper Pleistocene. Archaeoanthracology, the study of charcoal, shows that wood usage and vegetation changes have been recorded since the Neolithic period. During this time, a Cerealia-type species of Poaceae, a xeric, dune species, was well represented in the Preboreal period. Recent palaeoenvironmental studies in the Mediterranean region suggest that climate changes have been driven more by rainfall than temperature. Charcoal analysis also reveals that mid-Holocene forests in Eastern Hungary were dominated by dispersed charcoal, demonstrating a high use of domestic fuelwood. The effects of prior information on susceptibility to an emotional appeal are also important to consider. Research has shown that when people are exposed to prior information, they become more or less susceptible to the emotional appeal of an argument. This susceptibility is linked to certain cognitive and emotional processes, such as increased motivation, increased attention, and increased memory. Therefore, understanding the effects of prior information on susceptibility to an emotional appeal is essential to understanding how to effectively engage with people.
Consensus Meter
Given several layers over a longer time period, archaeoanthracology can show the wood usage and even the vegetation changes over a certain time, in a way comparable to pollen diagrams (e.g. from Neolithic until Bronze Age: Badal et al., 1994; for Mesolithic and Neolithic: Heinz, 1991; Heinz and Barbaza, 1998). Badal et al. (1994) differentiate between diachronous and synchronous paleoecological interpretations, the latter being relevant for the study presented here, where charcoal from an Iron Age site was obtained during a small-scale excavation. Lateglacial to Early Holocene recursive aridity events in the SE Mediterranean Iberian Peninsula: The Salines playa lake case study 2016, Quaternary International The Cerealia-type is well represented during the Preboreal (Fig. 3b), although it should not be considered as a domestic crop, but a xeric, dune species of Poaceae (Edwards and Hirons, 1984; O'Connell, 1987; Tweddle et al., 2005; Behre, 2007). The vegetation dynamics of this region appear different from the NE Iberian Peninsula (e.g. Pérez-Obiol and Julià, 1994) and southern France (e.g. Jalut, 1977; Heinz, 1991; Jalut et al., 1998) with a time lag observed in the dynamics of forest recovery, being earlier in the south than in the north (Burjachs et al., 1997). Recent palaeoenvironmental studies in the Mediterranean region provide increasing evidence that climatic changes were driven more as a function of rainfall than temperature (e.g. Jalut et al., 2000; Welker et al., 2014; Zhang et al., 2014). Mid-Holocene forests from Eastern Hungary: New anthracological data 2013, Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology This type of material is called “dispersed charcoal” and mostly comes from domestic fuelwood.
Published By:
C Heinz - Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 1991 - Elsevier
Cited By:
51
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Published By:
PC Lewan, E Stotland - The Journal of Abnormal and Social …, 1961 - psycnet.apa.org
Cited By:
67